Results of the preliminary terrain, geomorphological, and geotechnical zoning and mapping indicate that a combination of natural and anthropogenic factors contributed to the active coastal, river and slope erosion/sedimentation in Calaca, Batangas.

The active coastal erosion in Bgy. San Rafael and sedimentation in Bgy. Camastilisan and Salong are caused by the changes in natural circulation patterns (waves, tides, and long shore currents), the availability of large volume of sediments coming from the nearby rivers and streams, and offshore activities such as construction, dredging and quarrying.

Inland erosion (splash, rill, and gully erosion, river bank etc) are caused by changes in land use and cover such as quarrying, removal of vegetal cover, construction activities and are also due to the high degree of erodibility of rocks and soils.